SELF-HELP

SELF-HELP

The capability and confidence in doing own work without asking for anyone’s help is called self help or self. No person can live in this works without doing work. Everybody has some task to do. Some persons do their work themselves. They do not depend on others, some person do their work themselves. They want to get their work done by others. Those who do their work themselves are said to be self-reliant. Self-help is the habit of doing work without taking the help of others.

Self-help gives us strength. It makes us active and diligent. We work hard to achieve success. We do not waste time. We work harder and harder. Self help is the best help. It makes us achieve. We work hard and achieve success. We are not idle and wait for others help, we finish our work quickly. We do not give up our efforts even if we fail. We try again and again till we achieve success. The habit of self help gives us strength day by day. We acquire the power of doing difficulties. We learn to preserve and perspire. Those who depend on others are always idle. They do not realize their own strength. They do not realize their own strength. They always look to others for help. Others do not readily come forward to help them. Others do not work sincerely for them and the result is failure. They cannot face obstacles.

Self-reliant persons are bold and strong. Those who depend on others are weak and timid. Such persons cannot accomplish even small tasks. They think they have little strength to work. They have no confidence. They never exert themselves to any task. They always look to others for help. Others may not work for them or may work half heartedly. Their work is not well. They often come to grief and disappointment. Person with trust in them can only gain success.

Those who depend on others have their work done at great cost. They have to reward those who work for them. They cannot wholly enjoy the fruit of their work. They have to share the fruit with others. Such persons cannot achieve great success in life. Those who want to be successful in life must learn to work themselves. All great men have been self reliant. They worked night and day, while others slept. Self reliant person acquire the qualities for leadership. They can lead themselves as well as others. Working by own is a proof of leadership and self help. People should try to complete their work by themselves, expecting help from others for own work is the sign of weak person which one would never want to be.

The story of Hercules and the carter is a good illustration of the power of self-help. A carter had wheels of his cart stuck in mud. He did not push the cart but prayed to the god Hercules help. Hercules came and told him to put his shoulders to the wheel. The carter did so, and the wheels came out of the mud. We should learn to be self-reliant. We should do out work little by little. The habit of self-reliant must be taught at an early age. Parents and teachers should teach children this lesson. Self help is very important for students. Some students do not do their lessons. They have their lessons done by others, or they copy from others. Such students cannot be successful. If they want to succeed, they should stand on their own legs. We should all learn the habit of self help which leads to success and prosperity.

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The cost of your life

The cost of your life

Some people want to die since they think that living hasn’t approved them the contentment that they have the right for, but I believe only those seek to devastate their gifted life, which think are inadequate all the time. But death is not an end, it is a gateway. I know that every living thing that lives in this world has to abscond the world one day and no living being had been living perpetually. As like, where there is beam, there is ache as well and so on.

Sometimes this sensation also comes to my mind that’s why I am exisisting when there is no happiness printed in my fate, feels like life has nothing to gift me where I disregard that life in itself is a reward for me. I am given the prospect to live. There must be at any rate nothing to do, at least there should be something in this world that I have not yet achieved but I can achieve. And I forgot that there is not only the death left. Where there is wind there is a roll.

Maybe it is so that people who turn to suicides should be medaled for contradicting the award of god. Once I heard somewhere the superior aphorism, “when you came to this world, there were tears in your eyes and everyone was pleased, congratulating joyful. Nevertheless when you walk off, don’t let the same thing happen, same things repeats that no one is repentant for your deficiency instead do the thing that you keep smiling and face the death and let everybody cry because you are going. Let them realize how important you were in their life.

This saying really touched me in the second moment when I heard it. So from then. I have been philosophizing of wath such nature of the thing I can make so that everyone will miss my charisma. How should I at least the assessment to my presence? Well it is a hard thing to retort because there I do things superior to one I will be disgruntling ten other, so there I realized that it is not so straight forward and that is the point where people feel like now no more. But that is where the true confront initiates that are the peak where you have to clash with yourself, and remember you are neither a saint nor a spirit. You are a simple body with the soul inside that gets wounded ubiquitously and you need to make it sturdy and you are gifted with a light weighted intelligence that is put on the very top of you that should be used and there is a small pumping heart inside you that will let you know what is the right and what is not. And here I remember a saying that whatever your heart enlightens you as the first verdict is always right. The major thing is, are you ready to admit the fact?

Well, one more thing I should append up id, “one can do anything for oneself, but the real accomplishment is the one you do for other in return of nothing more than self satisfaction, “I have read somewhere that self satisfaction is the uppermost achievement o any human body. That is the one everyone looks for there is here everyone looks for and there you get tripped. We have hardly any time to think for others. Here we are not beings able to accomplish our own objectives, who the hell will think for others. Who the hell will think for others?

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AIR AND ATMOSPHERE

AIR AND ATMOSPHERE

Air is mainly a mixture of two gases, nitrogen and oxygen. Air is invisible, colorless and tasteless. Air has weight and exerts pressure. Air is an extremely important natural resource. Air is necessary for all the living organisms. This is because all the living beings breathe air. In fact, air is the best medium for the respiratory process. The terrestrial organisms can get oxygen necessary for respiration from air. A man respires about 22000 times a day and takes about 16 kg of air into body during this process. 

 The air present above the surface of the earth is its gaseous components which forms an invisible cover around the earth. The region of air present around the earth is called the atmosphere. The density of air is highest near the sea-level and as we go higher above the sea level, the density of air goes on decreasing. The atmosphere extends about 50 kilometers from the surface of the earth. The composition of atmospheric of atmospheric air also changes with the change in altitude. There are several concentric layers in the vertical profile of the atmosphere. The main layers of the atmosphere are: 

i) Troposphere

ii) Stratosphere

iii) Mesosphere

iv) Thermosphere

Role of atmosphere is to protect the living things from harmful radiation like ultra-violet reys by forming an ozone layer. Ozone is a gas whose one molecule contains three atoms of oxygen. At a height about 16 kilometers from the earth, the sun-rays convert the oxygen present there into ozone. The proportion of ozone gas in the atmosphere increases up to a height of about 23 kilometers.

The air particulates: the finely divided solid or liquid particles suspended in air are called particulates. Some of the examples of particulates present in the atmosphere are; dust, smoke, fumes, mist, spray are liquid particulates. Some more examples of particulates in the atmosphere are; spores, pollen grains, bacteria, fungi, virus, fur, hair, sand, sodium chloride, pesticides, insecticides, cement dust, lead dust, mercury dust and asbestos dust.

The particulate pollutants cause various allergic reactions, produces disease like bronchial asthma and tuberculosis. It reduces the visibility by producing haze in the atmosphere. This hinders road and air traffic. The particulates like smoke blacken the buildings and white clothes. The aerosols like fog can absorb and concentrate poisonous gases in the atmosphere and cause more serious air pollution like smog. Smog produces diseases like bronchitis, asthma and heat related disorder. It causes irritation to the eyes, nose and throat. Smog has an adverse effect on the growth and development of plants and reduces the visibility to very low level and hence causes the disruption of road and air traffic too. 

Lead is a very poisonous metal. Even a very low concentration of lead in the human body can create metabolic disturbances. Due to the prolonged effect of lead in the human body, malformation of red cells lead to a disease called anemia. Lead gets bound with the cellular enzymes and disrupts the functioning of cells and organs of the muscular dust cause lung cancer and asbestos.

Air pollution is the unwanted substances present in the air that affects the environment. The substances which pollute the air are called air pollutants. Air pollution is caused due to natural processes, human activities, and radioactivity. We all know about natural process and human activities and radioactive pollution is the phenomenon in which the nuclei of atoms of certain elements undergo spontaneous disintegration and emit alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays. The sources of radioactive pollution are of two types and they are natural and man-made. The natural sources are mainly the naturally occurring radioactive elements and their compounds and the man-made are those which can be mining and refining of radioactive materials like nuclear weapons and so on.

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YOUTH AND RESPONSIBILTIES

YOUTH AND RESPONSIBILTIES

Youth is not a time of life. It is a state of mind. Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage; over timidity of the appetite for adventure. Over a life of ease. As said by Samuel Ullman,“youth is something new and is wholly experimental”. Youth is a state when one has no blood in one's nerves and is full of enthusiasm, ambitions and dreams. Youth is like spring, an over praised season, when one does not think oneself but for one’s fame that makes advance ahead until and unless the goal is approached.

 As a matter of fact you are the flowers of today and their good deeds become the fruit of the development by tomorrow. They have strong shoulders innovative minds an extraordinary strength with which they can lift the country to a great height to touch the sky richness and prosperity. Because of the character of not retreating they are ready to face any kind of strum of problems and can crush them into pieces almost everything that is great has been done by youth. This has become possible because of their surprising strength.

Actually, youths are the only cornerstone of a country and there are none except youths from whom nation can think of its building. As Shakespeare had said, youth is like summer brave, like nimble, hot and bold and full sporty

Youths are building block for the development of country. The new ideas and new viewa of youth can help nation to step ahead in the field of development. Youth are the most strongest and powerful stage in life. You has the ability to make country as well as destroy the country. If the country could use this youth right direction then no one can stop the nation to be developed more than they are now. Some countries like Pakistan and Nepal have no idea what the youth force and always remain backwards. whereas countries who know the abilities and strength of youth use the fresh minded ideas and innovations to develop their countries and they have done.

Youth has so much to do so many responsibilities to fulfill. The first and foremost responsibility is to identify and vote for the minister who is capable for the seat and who works for the country with his whole heart and does not cheat public. Whereas creating programs on various things can also develop the nation; people in rural areas have no idea about health problems, the prevention and cures; by providing them medicines and foods to cover their starvation is  a good thing to do. The people who have gone through natural calamities, youths can provide food to those peoples. A program by giving family planning knowledge is the best option too. Holding blood donation programs once alive can help needy people. They can help newcomers and other people who want to work with them. New people, new idea, new planning can make a new and prosperous nation. They can even help government in making new laws and policies. Opening a youth club and working in cleanliness of roads, rivers and dirty areas can help country look well. Coming up with new inventions and creating things of your own also helps country develops.

Today youth can do a great job for the development of the country if the government tries to push them forward. For example we all love old heroes they will always remain evergreen in our heart but if we had to choose between some face and the old one we will surely choose the new face because they are the one, who is going to work for this generation. So it is necessary for the country to have youth as they are the future is the nation.

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IS CINEMA MISLEADING US?

IS CINEMA MISLEADING US?

Today, people are walking in the way of modernization. People want entertainment. There are many sources of entertainment from which we can enjoy. Among them cinema is one of the popular way of entertainment. Cinema is the art or industry of producing films or it is the theater where films are shown collectively. There are different characters in film. The film stars must have the talent to act which attracts the public. When we watch cinema, we looks real to us not acting. When there’s happy scene going on we become happy as well and if there’s a sad scene going on we become sad or cry along with the actors in the film. The film of high quality can be popular. Quality films can develop the film industry. Thus, if film industry develops then the economic condition of that country develops along as it is also a economic activity. But that does not mean that film should only be produce for the sake of money. 

Today we don’t have to go to theaters or cinema halls to watch a movie. We can watch it through CD’s and DVD’s at home. People watch movies usually when they get bored, they watch them with their friends and come out of their boredom and for entertainment. As different things have different values, cinema has its own values in which the talents of the people can be developed and reduce the problem of unemployment as well. It helps the characters to show their talents and develop or raise their confidence level on them. Today it has become like a basic need of people.

As all the things have a good part and a bad part, cinema also has its own advantage and disadvantage. The feature or documentary films are very knowledgeable. They give us information about lots of things. The nature, historical places, floras and faunas are the films which help to develop knowledge within us. Other documentary such as social aspects and social activities in our country are knowledgeable. Thus in one hand films or cinemas are very necessary for human life which develops knowledge and it’s a platform to show ones talent. We can also know about other culture. But, in other hand, it has bad aspects too. The story of cinema has adversely affected the mind of people. Many films are getting a less importance in the industry due to their low quality story and ineffective message through the film. Unnecessary things which are shown in the movies affect the real life of the people.

The bad scenes which are shown in the films, people try to copy those bad habits. Taking cigarettes, drinking alcohol, making gangs, fighting, stealing and so on are the bad things people learn from movies. The love stories are also affecting the societies especially among teenagers. Not only that, it has even affected the mind of children. From very small age they have boyfriend or girlfriend, they fall in love and even run away from home and they see the same thing in movies. The glamorous pictures, over fashions have also affected the teenagers who are following western culture and trends. They are forgetting their own culture and traditions. They try to bring these fashions in their own life. They wear clothes they are not comfortable in just because the trend has made them wear such clothes. 

Thus, if you want to copy stuffs than you should copy it from a good movie which tells about the social activities and knowledgeable things. The movies that give you bad messages shouldn’t be watched. Watch well, hear well and speak well.

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The importance of music

The importance of music

Music, one of the amazing friend of human being since the human existence. Music really is like a magic which supports human being in their pain and happiness. The music has a strong power in itself because it can make a normal person to move their body in its flow. Either it is festival, program or any ceremony music plays the vital role there.The power of music has made the human being to fall in its lap and pray it in every single minute.

In every single part of our body the music exists. From amorning to evening the music helps us to spend our day easily. Even in dreams we can imagine the music due to its variations. The humans have made a lot of variations in music along with their choices. The classical music one of the variations of music became most popular among people. Similarly, pop music, rock music, Hip Hop and RNB, Jazz etc. is the variations of human creation for music. Along with the taste of people in music the variation increases every single day. 

Music; it’s the thing each and every person loves from a child to old aged person, Teenagers love music anyways. Although the taste of music varies with a person but there is not a single person in this world who doesn’t like music. Music is life for everyone from ancient time. People listen to music when they are happy, sad, depressed, and sleepy and even while studying. Others might think really during studies as well but, yes about 95% of teenagers listen to music while studying which helps you to concentrate on the thing you are up to. People from ancient time were in love with music. It has been a part of our culture and tradition and has changed generation by generation with people. Music creates peace and brotherhood in society by the message it conveys through its song. Music tells us the true meaning of love in family and friends.  

 Music creates such type of environment that the person acts according to the change in music around. If sad songs are played they feel like crying and if happy songs are played they get up and dance if allowed…!! In almost every restaurant singers or bands are kept so that people could hear them live and enjoy staying inside the restaurants. 

Souls of people are connected to music. When a lyricist writes and changes it to a perfect song there are more than 90% of people who feel this one song is made for him/her or suits their situation. We wake up with the music in alarm and sleep listening to music. Our day starts with music and end with it. Our life is so much connected with music that we feel incomplete without it. It’s like life without light. 

 There are so many things in world which is impossible without music; for example:-  dancing. Dance without music would surely be meaningless. There are so many people in the world who have been in music career and only they know what kind of emotional attachment they have with music. It has become there life; it’s like oxygen to them. One day without music and they feel depressed. 

Someone had this kind of attachment with music; she told me that “i came to this world with the word music in my soul. i could live without air but me without music is life without soul. i am so much emotionally attached with music that i could live my whole life with this thing alone”. Music is life and live your life till the end.

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GALAXY AND STARS

Our universe contains billions and billions of stars. These stars are emit disturbed uniformed in space but occur in huge bunches or cluster. Such bunches or cluster contains billions of stars called galaxy. In other words, the galaxy is a city of star. Spaces between the stars are filled by clouds of dusts and gases.

Thus, galaxy is a giant collection of billions of star, dusts and gases. A galaxy can be considered as the building blocks of the universe. There are more than 10 to the power 10 galaxies in the universe. Each galaxy on an average contains 100 billion stars. The galaxies are not stationary. They are continuously moving. On the basis of shapes, galaxies can be classified into the following three types: elliptical galaxies, spiral galaxies and irregular galaxies

Elliptical galaxies look like a flat elliptical disc. Spiral galaxy is a shaped like a disc with small spherical bright central region bulging out in the center. The stars the spiral galaxies are concentrating at the center. About 70% of the galaxies are of spiral type. The two important spiral galaxies are Milky Way and Andromeda galaxy. Irregular galaxies are the galaxies which is neither elliptical shape nor spiral. These are generally smaller than the elliptical or spiral galaxies. 

It is discovered that almost all the galaxies are moving away from each other at the tremendous speeds. The galaxies farthest from the earth appear to travel to the farthest. Due to this fact scientist believe the universe is expanding. 

Milky Way galaxy is the galaxy which contains 100 billion stars of which our sun us a member in the Milky Way galaxy. It is of spiral type. All the members of the Milky Way galaxy are revolving around the center core of a galaxy called galactic center. The velocity of the sun around the galactic center is 250 km/sec. it completes one rotation in 200 million years. This time taken by the sun to complete its rotation around the galactic center is known as one cosmic year. The distance between the heavenly bodies are measured in the unit of light years. One light year represents a distance equal to 9,500,000,000,000km.

Nothing in the universe stays the same forever. There is cycle of birth and death for everything. Likewise, a star born at a certain point lives for certain period of time and finally dies. The interstellar space is filled with clouds of dusts and gases mainly hydrogen and helium. Whenever the mass of such a cloud exceeds a certain amount the clouds begins to contract due to weak gravitational attraction between them. Since there are very large masses of clouds, the gravitational pull between the clouds become so large that the clouds begin to contract due to its gravity. Ultimately the clouds compress to a highly condensed mass. This dense condensed mass is called Protostar.

Due to the contraction, the cloud heats up. The pressure inside the cloud also rises. At certain stage, the cloud explodes into large number of fragments. Each fragment continues to contract further under its own weight. This results in the increase in temperature. When the temperature of each fragment reaches about 10 to the power 7 K, the nuclear fusion reaction starts converting hydrogen into helium with the release of tremendous energy. Thus, each fragment becomes a star and a cluster of stars is born. 

When the hydrogen is completely converts into helium in the central core of the star, there is no more production of heat. Thus, the outward pressure will become to zero. As a result, there is only inward gravitational pull. Due to this, the star contracts continuously and the temperature of the core increases further. The increase in the temperature causes the expansion of the outer layer and the size of the star. There is considerable increase in the size is the star. Due to the expansion the temperature, the outer layer starts falling. Finally, a stage is reached when the star becomes very large in size and red in color. This red star is called red giant.

Out sun will become red giant about 5 billion years from now. In this stage, it will expand about 48 to 64 million km and consume mercury and Venus. The earth’s temperature will increase so high that all forms of life will be burnt. A star may remain as a red giant for several million years, at the end of the stage the rate of emission of energy increases enormously and a violent explosion called nova or supernova occurs in the star. This explosion throws a large portion of the star into space. The brightness of the star increases sharply for some time and diminishes at this stage. This is called the death of the star.

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ASTRONAUTICS

To know about the astronautics, we have to know about Astronomy. Astronomy is the scientific study of the stars, planets and other heavenly bodies it understands it, men have watched the sky and have tried to explain what they have seen there. The astronomer, like any other scientists needs a laboratory is called instrument is telescope. So, astronautics deals with astronomy by the different medium. Astronautics is the branch of science which deals with the many problems of space flight.

 The space age begins with the launching of artificial satellite 10^th October 1957, less than 4 years later on April 12 1961, came the first manned flight. The Russian Yuri Gagarin made one orbit of the earth in his space craft vostok1. He was the 1^st space pilot, of astronaut. After years of preparation the US landed a manned space craft Apollo 11, on the moon on July 20, 1969. In the next few years several more successful moon landings were achieved by the USA and valuable scientific experiments were helped in these by the small vehicles on moon buggy, they took with them. A space craft is carried into space on the top of massive rocket, which lifts it clear of the earth’s atmosphere and gives it the very high speed required to keep it in orbit or propel it to the moon. A space craft can stay in orbit if it has enough speed to overcome the pull of the earth or gravity =. For an orbit 100 km above the earth, this orbital velocity is 28000 km/hr. at this distance and orbital velocity the tendency of the space craft to fly away from the earth is balanced by the gravitational pull.

There is then no effective gravity on orbit. Everything is therefore weightless. This state is often called zero G where G stands for gravity. The space craft must be lifted above the earth’s atmosphere to avoid the resistance, or drag of the air. Drag would quickly fall back to the earth. Also fiction with the air would heat the craft and might even make it burn up, just like a meteor does. The meteors are heavenly bodies that may be seen in the sky of moon less at night as flashes of lights. They are not stars; however, their appearance has given rise to their common name, shooting stars. The sizes of meteors vary from small dust particles to large structures weighing many tons. The dust particles break up of comets the large structures are pieces of asteroids after their collision.

Launching an astronaut into space and bringing him back is a very hazardous business. To start with, he has to stand with the great forces of acceleration during take off. Then he must adjust to the effects of weightless in orbit. He must be protected by spacecraft or spacesuit from cold and airless world of space. He must survive the rapid slowing down and heating effects caused by the drag of the atmosphere. Astronauts receive special training to prepare themselves for space flights. For example, they spend a long time in a machine called centrifuge, which whirls them round and round rapidly and reproduces the kind of forces they can expect during the take off and landing. The astronauts also train in dummy space craft which can be made to do many of the things as a real one does in space. After months of intensive training, the astronauts climb into their space craft and are rocked into space. They lie on their backs during launching because that is the best way to with stand the great ‘push’ of the rocket. 

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LIFE

Life, someone questioned me and all but it is difficult to define it, it’s about sixteen years now that I have come into being and still have never for once tried to go through the word. Sometimes I even think, “Why should I bother about it anyways? It doesn’t matter what life is. I’m here and living life in my own way. Why should I waste my time on it?” but that day, that particular day, I don’t what came up to me. I for instance got lost in a dark room. The only sensation I could feel was myself breathing. Then suddenly a light appeared through the darkness and pointed toward a while board. This drew my attention. What I saw their amazed me. A word written in black block letters ‘LIFE’ followed by a big question mark? I stood cold as ice and forcefully closed my eyes. When slowly I tried myself in my own room, lying on my bed.

Was it a dream? I don’t know. And if it was, why such questions did surround me and I ran towards my study table. There I took my dictionary and started turning its pages to the alphabet ‘L’ then ‘LIFE’.

The state condition of existing. A period from one’s birth to its death. “Why is it real meaning?”Suddenly this question arose in mind. It hovered around the word and I could think of no more than this four lettered word. I again lay back on my bed and began to think. Well, I have heard some proverbs like,

“While there’s life there’s hope”. Or

“The best things in life are free.” And also “Variety is the spice of life”. But none of them seem to give me on exact view to the point. Is it that life is so complicated?

Some people use the phrase, ‘larger than life, to exaggerate in order to appear more important. But is there anything even more important than like itself? When one observes Da Vinci’s painting, he exclaims, oh! He has brought the picture to life!” and full of life says that something is lively and cheerful. I've heard lots of time the phrase, “Run for your life!” when someone is in danger so as to save one’s life. So, does life really end after death? Then what about the term ‘life after death’? 

Egyptians believe in life after death, long ago Egyptian kings- Pharaohs were buried in tombs which were made underground with lots of chamber and on top of which huge pyramids were built. I have heard that even today they offer food and water; and believe that the split of the dead feeds on them. We still hear about people being cursed by Tutankhamen’s spirit. The fact however is unknown.  Okay then, I takes it as life, the sensation of existence. Our state of being. 

My mother once said, “Life is as one lives it. So, live life not yourself but for others if you want to live forever”. Now as I come to think of it, she is right. Take for instance our revolutionist brothers and sisters who proudly lived their lives for the country and embraced martyrdom for the sake of their countrymen. We salute them, not only today but also in the endless years to come. They will always occupy a special place in our hearts and memories. Unlike those who in their lifetime for their own greed didn't even hesitate to take thousands of innocent lives. These people will only remain in their own thoughts and will eventually vanish after death. Nothing but infamy will mark their race. So, what do you say life is? If you ask me, I would say:-“ such is life, so common, yet so complex.”

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FAMINE

Famine means scarcity of foodstuffs. There are many causes of famine. One of the causes is drought. If there is no rainfall or little rainfall, nothing can do grown in the fields and there is a famine. Another cause of famine is excessive rainfall or a flood. Excessive rainfall or floods destroy crops, and there is a famine. Excessive rainfall is as bad as no rainfall. Sometimes, there is a famine due to war, hail or pestilence. Sometimes, there may be a famine when the foodstuffs of an area are sent to other areas.

A famine causes a lot of suffering to the people. The people do not get food and have to starve. Some people get insufficient food and fall a victim to diseases. They cannot go out for work and get little to eat. Some people eat grass, roots, leaves and other things. This makes them a prey to several diseases. People sell even their children. People leave their property for a morsel of food. Some people sell even their children. People eat the rubbish thrown in dustbins. Sometimes, there is a flight between a hungry person and street dog for piece of thrown-away food. A famine stricken area presents a ghastly scene of misery and suffering.

It is the duty of the government to take preventive measures against famine. Floods should be controlled. This can be done by building dams across rivers. Canals, wells and tanks should be dug to supply water in case of the failure of rains. Crops in an area of scarcity should not be allowed to be taken to other places. Peasants should be taught improved taken to other places. Peasants should be taught improved modes of agriculture and the use of good seeds and fertilizers. Steps should be taken to increase the yield of the land. Roads and railways should be built in different parts of the country. In case of actual famine, foodstuffs should be brought quickly from other places and distributed freely or at a nominal rate. Relief societies and rich persons also should help famine stricken people.

Nowadays famine is not as terrible as in the older days. In the older days, there were few good roads and few means of swift transportation. Food-stuffs could not be quickly transported from one place to another. As a result of a famine hundreds of people died of starvation and disease. Nowadays there are good roads and swift means of transportation. Foodstuffs can be quickly sent from one place to another. In case of actual famine, prompt relief is offered by the government and relief societies. So many places where walking was only way to take foods to their home has changed transportation facility that developed made it easy for them with which foods and crops started entering the place and developed those places.

Nowadays famine is not the result of the scarcity of foodstuff, but is the result of lack of purchasing power. The people do not have money to buy foodstuffs which are sold at a high rate. So, it is the duty of the government to formulate plans to increase production and raise the income of the people. Until and unless the income of the people is raised families cannot be stopped. We do not hear of famines in rich countries but only in poor and under-developed countries. Under-developed countries should have plans to drive off poverty and raise the living standard of the people. It is the poor people who are hit by famine; rich people have no fear of famine because they are fulfilled with everything they want.

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TEENAGER AND DRUGS

Our world is now stepping towards the modern centuries. There are many that study science and technology. Steps have been taken for their betterment; even the teenagers of this age have advanced a lot. But make a point, not in studies or other stuffs, in taking drugs. Today, around 75% of the teenagers are addicted not only to drugs but have indulged themselves in smoking and drinking which is also a kind of addiction. And if we try to find the reason through them, the reason is peace mind relief, happiness etc.. But giving any right answer and none other than the one who has the capacity to think on its will says that drugs will result any good things for temporary satisfaction but permanent infection. Isn’t the addiction the cause of infection? There are many other ways through which we can look for the satisfaction. A drug in it is not medicine. It hampers our physique. We can get involved in other social activities and if you think that you have no time wasting for others, then we can hang out on with books and friends as well but obviously not drugs. Actually drug is the main issue for the violence. Once you are addicted to it then after it will addict you I think you have heard that you take it one time, you take it the other time and next it takes you. And when it starts taking you then it will become hard for you to get rid of it. The cases like murders, thefts, robbery are the case occurs due to the reason of drugs. Teenagers addicted to drugs can do anything to everything just for a pill of drugs, so we can easily predict how dangerous it can be. It can even make someone come down to kill the other.

Once a person gets addicted he/she cannot stop taking it, they want the drug the same time they took before. And if they will not get things they require they try to hurt themselves or attempt suicide as they cannot control their emotion. Addiction to drugs has created lots of problems in society, along with the addicted person everyone in the family gets worried about their situation. There are many devastating incidents that have occurred due to drugs. So we should try to stop it and try to throw it out from the world because it makes no good for any one. It is hard to do because everything that hampers seems like good at but only knowledged person can identify the difference in going to a right path or wrong path. It is hard to blame on any incidents after it is attempted. So, it is better to take the precautions. Prevention is better than cure for sure. Trying drugs isn’t fun its life taking thing, once you start with it , it will end you up. This is the message for all the readers, may be you are not the one who is addicted but there are so many people around you; they might be your friends, your family member, your neighbor so it is in your hand, to some extent, to help them out from this addiction. Let us not think of who to be blamed for the addiction of teenagers today. Who to be blamed? The society, parents or themselves. Whom? This is the issue to be thought over and over again so that a solution would come out and we could help them come out of this thing. DRUGS ARE DANGEROUS, TRY WATER MUGS NOT DRUGS.

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THE VALUE OF TIME

We come to this world for a few years. We have a limited span of life though we have no idea till when. We have to use time wisely. Time once gone never comes back. We cannot hold up the passage of time. Success in life depends on the right use of time. If we use time properly, we can achieve a lot in life. If we waste time, we can accomplish little. Loss of time leads us to failure and grief. Time and tide waits for none there’s a proverb too, it tells you clearly that time is so much precious in each of our lives.  

Some people spend time carelessly. They do not realize the importance of time. Time is very valuable. We should attach as much importance to time as to wealth. Time should be used wisely. We should utilize every second, every minute, every hour and every day. To utilize time, we should have a routine of work. If we follow this routine, time is not wasted. Waste of time is a great loss. It is a loss of life itself. Our life is nothing but a package of time. Once time is gone you can’t get it back by chasing it, wishing those time would come back is just a wish but will not happen in real. 

Our daily life should be carefully planned. We should set aside time for different activities. We should spend the major portion of our time in important activities. We should not spend time in idleness. We should do useful activities. Some people spend much time in gossiping, playing cards, going for cinemas and other unnecessary things. This is nothing but a waste of time. Time should not be wasted in idle past times. Just like every drop of water forms an ocean in similar way every second from a time. Nothing is important than time in today’s world. People run after time so that they could complete the task they planned. 

Some young people so not attach any importance to time. They follow no routine. They do what they feel like at whatever time they want. These people do not realize that they are wasting time. They will come to grief in future. Children and young people should be taught the value of time by their parents and teachers. Parents should teach the ignorant children how to use time properly. Their energies should be diverted to useful activities. The same lesson should be impacted by teachers at school.

Time may be broadly divided into three categories; the past, the present, the future. The past is dead and gone: we have no control over it. We can simply think over what we have dne and learn to correct our mistakes. The present is the most important time. It is running quickly. We have to use it carefully. We should not waste a single moment. The future is also important. We should plan wisely for it and act accordingly.

Life is very valuable. We have to accomplish many things but we don’t know where and when will it end, so it shouldn’t be wasted by doing unnecessary things. If we value our life, we must value the time. Time is life itself. We should learn the importance of time and walk with it. Time is never going to wait for us. Waste of time is a great loss. We cannot regain wasted time at any cost. Time once gone is gone forever, it’s like life that has gone and will never come back. People should know the importance of time comparing it with the life.

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THE USES AND ABUSES OF MONEY

Everybody in this world likes money. There are few people who do not like wealth or are not interested. People devote their energies to earn wealth. Amassing wealth is the be-all and end-all of our life. What is wealth? In the broadest sense, wealth is money. We like to have plenty of money. Money has a great attraction for one and all.

Money is blessing as well as curse. Money provides us with the necessities of life. We all require houses to live in, food to eat and clothing to wear. We also require medicines when we are ill. People want to educate their children. Money provides us with these bare necessities of life. In today’s world nothing is for free; each and everything people need to make their life go smoothly needs money. The things people eat, wear, lives is impossible to think without money.

People want to enjoy some comforts and luxuries. They like to live in beautiful houses, eat rich food, and wear fine clothes. They want to send their children to good schools, want to have well furnished rooms, vehicles, refrigerators, AC, laptops, phones and very gadget possible. They like to visit standard places, restaurants. They want to join clubs, parties and drink at bars. Such luxuries are available with the help of money only. Everyone has a dream to become rich so that they could live a good life,  tension free and stay relaxed for the rest of their life but they do not realize that rich people are the most tensed one because they are every time worried about their property to be theft away.  

Some people like to help others with their money. They build schools, hospitals, libraries and provide charities to different kind of NGOs and INGOs. Some people set up trusts and foundation to serve orphan, old aged or homeless people. Some spend money to open societies and institutes. Some use their money by distributing foods and clothes among the poor ones and some spend their money to help people in disasters like flood, landslide, earthquake, tsunami etc.

Money has a dark side along with bright side. Some people gather money at the cost of others. They exploit and harass other people to get money. Some people commit crimes for the sake of money. They take recourse to falsehood, forgery, embezzlement, theft, robbery, murder, etc. some people spend money recklessly and spoil their health. They spend their money in drinking, gambling with friends.

It is difficult to earn money but it is more difficult to spend it wisely. Money should be earned honestly. It is not proper to cheat and harass others for the sake of money. Money earned should be spent wisely. We should spend some money for the welfare of our family too. Money could surely buy everything but it cannot buy happiness and smile. If people think that money is happiness than it is also the reason to be sad and worried each and every time. Most of the children of rich parents get kidnapped or killed as money has made people so much blind that people can do anything to for the sake of money. They do not even think once that; whether they are going to a right way or wrong. We should spend it for the good of others not only for owns fun and entertainment. Poor people cannot spend for the welfare of others. Money is a great blessing if it is used wisely; but it is a curse if used unwisely. Never fall for money; money is the one that should fall for you.

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Technical Education

Technical education denotes the knowledge and use of some special skills. Engineering, agriculture, weaving, carpentry comes under technical education. Technical education teaches us not only theory but also practice to our subject. Technical education is the reverse of academic education. Academic education gives us knowledge but it has no practical application. One who has received technical education is called technician.  For example: a pilot can drive an aero plane only if he has practice on it, an engineer can build a bridge by practice and a carpenter can make furniture with practice as well. None of these are possible with only academic education.  Each and every person should be given technical education according to their skills and capacity through which everyone can earn for their own livelihood.

Technical education helps the progress of a country. Technicians can construct factories, roads, bridges, canals etc. they can drive trucks, trains, ships and aero planes. They can help to work mines and produce electricity. They can help to make use of forests, in growth of agriculture and production of raw materials. They can operate telephones and wireless sets. Technicians can help in every sphere of nations productive activities. Academic education is important but along with that technical education should also be provided so that people could be able to do those stuffs rather than just be able to give examinations and pass. Schools and colleges should keep technical classes too so that children could work along with knowing about those things. So that they could get the real vision of those things they are studying theoretically.

Technical education helps a nation to be self sufficient. If we do not have our own technicians, we will have to bring them from other countries. If other countries do not agree to help us, we cannot develop out industrial status and agriculture in a proper way.  We have to pay them a very big amount while bringing technicians from other countries. Now days, we are undertaking making development projects in our country, but we lack skilled technicians. So many plans and projects have to be postponed just because of fewer technicians which lead to slow progress.

Technical education helps to solve the problems of unemployment. There is a great demand for skilled technicians in industries, trades, factories and in agriculture too. A large number of technicians can be absorbed in various fields. They do not have to remain unemployed like academic graduates and other educated persons. Even if technicians do not find employment they can stand on their own legs. They can start their own industries or trades.

One of the reasons of the slow progress of our country is the neglect of technical education. We have few technical schools and colleges in our country. We have little technical growth of academic schools and colleges. These schools and colleges produce person who cannot find employment. On the other hand, we lack technicians who can be absorbed in our expanding trades and industries. It is high time we turn our attention to the establishment of technical schools and colleges. Technical schools should be opened at different places of our country so that those uneducated people could go and learn some technical things. This technical education helps people to know how agriculture could be done in proper way, carpenter to work with furniture smoothly. It help women to work with own willpower by opening a cottage industry of their own, help other women to join and work together which will help them boast up their confidence level to work and increase their business even more than in past. This is why technical education is must. 

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Ozone layer and greenhouse

Ozone is a very vital gas in the atmosphere. It is made up of three atoms of oxygen while ordinary oxygen is made up of only two (diatomic).the atmosphere provides a thermal blanket and radiation shield to earth. In the upper atmosphere, 15-50 km above the earth, oxygen and ozone absorbs much of the incoming short-wave radiations. These are ultraviolet, X- and gamma-rays which are very harmful to living organisms, damaging their genetic material. The studies say it has been estimated that a 5% reduction in stratospheric ozone would lead to a 7.5-15% increase in ground level UV radiation in USA.

The ozone layer present in the atmosphere is extremely important for all the living things. It is due to the presence of ozone layer in it that the atmosphere protects the living beings form harmful radiations. The ultra-violet radiations emitted by the sun are extremely harmful to the living things including human beings. The ultra-violet radiation emitted by the sun is short wavelength due to which they can penetrate deep into our body. The ultra violet radiation destroys the organic molecules which are necessary for life and can cause serious disease like skin cancer. Ozone layer present in the upper atmosphere absorbs harmful ultra violet radiation emitted by the sun protects human health and crop plants from many ill-effects which could be caused by these radiations.

In human beings, UV rays cause various disease like cataract (disease of eye lens becomes opaque causing blindness), sun burn, premature aging, skin cancer and inflammatory disease. The UV ray hampers the growth and development of plants and animals. The productivity of crops is reduced. Various species of plants and animals may extinct. As more UV ray enters the earth because of ozone layer depletion, the heat accumulates more and greenhouse effect increases. As a result, temperature of the earth increases.

To control the depletion of ozone layer, the production and use of chlorofluorocarbon should be banned. The alternatives for the CFCs should be developed. Release of oxides and nitrogen should be avoided and people should be educated to bring awareness about the protection of ozone.

Photosynthesis takes carbon dioxide out of the air. Respiration and burning put carbon dioxide into the air. These processes naturally balance each other. So, the amount of carbon dioxide in the air stays about the same. But humans are now upsetting the balance. We are burning more and more fossil fuels. Extra carbon dioxide is going into the atmosphere. The amount of carbon dioxide in the air has gone up by one quarter since pre-industrial times. This carbon dioxide behaves rather like the glass of the green house. It lets the sun’s ray through on the surface of the earth but stops the heat from escaping.  So, surface of the earth getting warmer. This is called greenhouse effect.

The earth is warm because we receive radiation from the sun.  Much of this radiation reaches the atmosphere as short-wave radiation which passed through the atmosphere and reaches the ground. Some of the radiation is absorbed by the ground and re-emitted as ling-wave radiation which warms the atmosphere. They form a blanket around the earth, keeping in the long wave radiation and therefore keeping the air and the ground warmer than it would otherwise be. This effect is very similar to the way in which the glass in a greenhouse keeps the air and soil warm inside. There are methods of controlling greenhouse effect; by reducing the use of fossils and increasing afforestation, by banning the use of CFCs, by using unleaded petrol in vehicles and biogas for domestic purpose.

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NEPAL,TOURISTS AND THEIR ADVANTAGES

Nepal is a landlocked country situated in south of Asia. Nepal has an area of 1,471,181 square km with population of 27 million. Nepal is divided into 3 regions Himalayan, hilly, Terai region. Nepal’s 5 development regions are subdivided into 14zones(Mechi,Koshi,Sagarmatha,Gandaki,Lumbini,Narayani,Rapti,Bheri,Karnali,Seti,Dhaulagiri,Janakpur,Bagmati and Mahakali) and 75 districts. Nepal is a least developed country. Nepal is surrounded by two big countries China in the north and India in the east west and south. Nepal is the world’s 93rd largest country by land mass and second richest country in water after Brazil. The highest peak on the earth lies here in Nepal, the Mount Everest known as Sagarmatha in Nepali language. Lord Gautam Buddha was born in Nepal’s Terai region in Lumbini. Here in Nepal people have their own religions some people follow Hinduism, some follow Buddhism where as the other follow Islam, Kiratism, Christianity.

People like to travel abroad. They visit countries which have many interesting places. Tourism industry is one of the main and largest businesses in Nepal. In Nepal, we have the lofty Himalayas. These mountains are full of scenery. Mountains are the biggest attracting part of tourism industry. There are many beauty spots on the mountains. The snowcapped peaks, the green forests, rushing torrents, rivers, hills and their beautiful scenery of sun rise and sunset, spring falls. Nepal’s heritage are famous among other countries; birthplace of Gautam Buddha, Pasupatinath, soyambunath. The biggest temple Muktinath is located in Mustang district which is a scared place for Hindus as well as Buddhists. Every year thousands of tourists come to our country. It’s our responsibility to welcome them whole heartedly and with good facilities. Tourism is a source of earning foreign currency. The tourists who come to Nepal exchange foreign currency with our money. In this way, we get our economic status is increased. Tourist purchase some goods, curios and native articles in our country. The producers of these goods gain something from tourists. There are so many good hotels built in Kathmandu to accommodate foreign tourists. Tourists require guides. Some people earn s living as guides

kagbeni,Mustang

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Tourists help some of our people to learn foreign costumes and languages. Hotels staffs or  guides learn some foreign customs and languages. We can see some uneducated boys in Kathmandu speaking English and guiding foreign visitors. Those who come into contact with tourists shed off their prejudices and cultivated a broad outlook. They become cosmopolitan in manners and can easily mix with the people of the other countries.

Tourist helps to acquaint their countrymen with our country. They see good things in our country and talk of them when they return to their country. Many people in foreign countries have prejudices notions about our countries. Tourists see many things with their own eyes and shed off many of their prejudices. They see the progress made in our country and do not think that Nepal is only a land forest, mountains and temples. They come to know that there are many fine things and fine people. What we cannot tell about our country by spending lots of money on publicity can be done without spending a penny with the help of tourists with our behavior and speech.

throngla pass treking

Nepal was a forbidden land to tourists before 1950. The autocratic Rana rulers hardly permitted foreigners to come to Nepal. With the advent of democracy Nepal has opened its door to all. Tourists come every year, but we should attract them with new things each and every time. The government should provide them with many facilities. They should feel safe and secured in the country.

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Science with its wonders

Science is everything, observation, identification, description, investigation, experimental and theoretical definition of different phenomena. Science is one of the best examples of human creation in this world which changes the world drastically form Stone Age to this 21st century. It has given us information about the tiniest to the largest and farthest thing present in this universe. Science itself is solution for every questions and has made people feel like a magician is doing some magic. It has proved that nothing is impossible if we think of doing it. It is an art of codifying nature and is system of acquiring knowledge. Science has done two things inventions and discoveries. Science has its own branch which includes natural science, life science, social science, formal sciences, and applied sciences. Science rules the world today. Galileo Galilees, Einstein, Isaac Newton, William Gilbert these people totally changed the structure of the world. The creators of those things that we never imagined would truly happen in reality.

This 21st century is an age of science. Electricity is one of the greatest wonders of science. Next to man, it is the most important and revolutionary creation in the world. It has practically revolutionized the world. It has brought about a stupendous change in industry. With it our modern gigantic machines are worked. Computer as also calculators sum up totals and make other calculations with the utmost accuracy. Newspapers and books are printed in millions overnight. There is not a single phase of the human life and its progress that is not indebted to electricity. It has changed everything by making our life so much easier than a man could ever imagine. It has given man a chance to pursue social concern, create proper culture and improve human conditions.
Innumerable indeed are the blessings of science. We light and warm our house, we drive the machinery in factories, and we run our trains and buses. We send our messages, converse with people thousands of kilometers away. The television has shortened time and distance. It is a good means of instruction and entertainment. The electric telegraphy, the electric telephone, the electric bell, the electric train, the electric fan, the electric heater, the electric bulb, are but few of the many wonders of science.
Man has conquered air. Now he wants to conquer space also. Electricity has enabled us to travel in airplanes and fly into the cold atmosphere of the sky. Travelers, before being taken off, are supplied with electric wires which resist the cold of upper air.

Broadcasting by itself is a miracle of science. Ships in danger can send message and receive immediate help. Teleprinter brings us the Panama canals, the Suez Canal have become the possibilities of today.
Science has become a part and parcel of our daily life. It cooks our food, washes our clothes, grinds our corn, lights, warms and propels our machines. It lifts for us the heaviest weights. It runs our factories. It fans us in summer and warms us in winter, cheers us in sadness and transmits our messages. It diagnoses internal diseases and cures them. In fact there is hardly anything which science does not do for us.
It is truly a modern way of proving those old things which was only said but not proved. Atomic energy has now possibilities of use for peaceful purposes. Russian Sputniks and American Apollo’s are perhaps the greatest miracles of science. It’s so much interesting while we go deep inside the history of real science and get to know about the inventions and discoveries scientist had made. Such are the wonders of science

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